Potential of Extremophiles for Bioremediation Extremophiles are microorganisms that flourish in habitats of extreme environments, including in high concentrations of salts, pollutants, high or low temperature, an acidic or alkaline pH. All extreme environments are dominated by microorganisms belonging to Archaea, the third domain of life, evolutionary distinct from Bacteria and Eucarya. Over the past few years, the molecular biology of extremophilic Archaea has stimulated a lot of interest in the field of bioremediation. Bioremediation is the use of microorganisms for the degradation or removal of contaminants. Contamination of soils, sediments, and water due to anthropogenic activities is a matter of concern at the global level. Bioremediation has emerged as an effective solution for these problems. Most bioremediation research has focused on the processes performed by the domain Bacteria. Recently, extremophiles are the focus of growing interest for bioremediation because they ...
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